Gres E.K.
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING THE PECULIARITIES OF LONELINESS IN ADOLESCENTS *
Аннотация:
the article examines adolescence, which is a period of change in which socio- psychological adaptation plays a significant role
Ключевые слова:
Child, adolescent crisis, adolescence, critical stages
Adolescencebeginswith the entry of a childinto a newsocialsituation of development, the appearance of puberty(biologicalchanges,sexualidentity).
Soviet psychologists and educators (L.I. Bozhovich, L.S. Vygotsky, A.A. I.V. Rean, Shapovalenko, D.B. Elkonin) note that in the age periodization, puberty falls on 14-18 years. Adolescence is a transitional period from childhood to adulthood. During this period, the main character traits, behavioral styles, habits, and life orientations are laid down. Accordingly, the entire further adult life of a person depends on how positively a person passes this stage. The main psychological needs of a teenager are the desire to communicate with peers, the desire for independence and independence, and recognition of their rights by other people.
At this age, the child goes through critical stages, such as:
These stages are caused by psychological and physiological changes, the discrepancy between increased needs and capabilities, and the rapid pace of development. The main need of the period is to find one's place in society, to be significant, to be among peers, to do something together, the desire for autonomy and the search for recognition of the values of one's own personality. There are also two forms of the teenage crisis: the crisis of independence – manifested by negativism, obstinacy, self–will and the crisis of dependence - obedience, subordination.
I.V.Shapovalenkonotesthat"the mainleadingactivity of a teenagerisintimate and personalcommunication.Intimate and personalcommunicationwithpeersis an activityinwhichthepracticaldevelopment of moralnormsandvalues takes place.Itformsself-awareness as the mainneoplasm of the psyche.In the process of developingself-awareness, the focus of attention of adolescents is increasinglyshiftedfrom the outside of thepersonalitytoitsinnerside,frommoreorlessrandomfeaturesto the character as awhole"[2].Thisisrelated to the self-determination of a teenageras a personatahigherlevel. Self-esteemisthecentraleducation of a teenager's personality.Itlargelydeterminessocialadaptation,is a regulator of behaviorandactivity. The veryformation of self-esteemoccursin the process of activityandinterpersonalinteraction.Theconfidentbehavior of teenagers is greatlyinfluenced by thewaytheirrelationshipswith their peers develop.Adolescentswithadequate self-esteemhaveahigherlevel of academic performance,they do not have sharpjumps in academic performance andhaveahighersocialandpersonalstatus, a goodlevel of socialadaptation,theiractivity is aimedatvarioustypes of activities,aswell as interpersonalcontactsthat are moderateandappropriate,aimedatknowingothersandthemselvesin the process of communication.Teenagerswith a tendencytogreatlyoverestimate their self-esteemshowsufficientlimitationsin their activitiesand a greaterfocusoncommunication, and withlittle content.Adolescentswithlow self-esteem are prone to depressivetendencies,lowsocialadaptability, and socialloneliness[3].
A.A.Reannotesthat"the specificity of adolescencealsoliesin a significantexpansion of the spheres of socialactivityand a change in theirsignificance.Teenagers' relationshipswithparents,peers,teachers, and the oppositesex are changing. The mostimportantandmoststressfulrelationships between a teenager and his parentsareduringthisperiod,this is due, on theone hand, to dependenceonparents,and on theother, to the desire to gainindependence.Inrelationtoparents, an emancipationreactionarises- a process that affectsvariousaspects of socialrelations"[4].
There are three types of adolescent emancipation:
The most important area of adolescent social behavior is the peer environment. Communication with peers is necessary for an emerging personality to develop communication skills and self-awareness. The communication experience gained in adolescence plays an important role in entering into an independent life. In addition to this main function, communication at this age performs a number of specific functions: communication is a channel of information that adults do not report, communication with peers helps to develop social interaction skills, It gives a teenager the opportunity to experience emotional contact with a group, a sense of solidarity, group affiliation, and mutual support. The conflict behavior of a teenager significantly narrows the range of situations in which he can get a positive experience of social interaction. Getting a negative experience is dangerous, first of all, because it leads to the social isolation of a teenager, and later to his maladaptation. Another danger of adolescent conflict behavior is that it develops into aggressive and then deviant behavior [5]. Thus, adolescence is a transitional period accompanied by a crisis. This is one of the most difficult age stages in a person's life. During this period, physiological and mental changes occur, accompanied by pronounced ambivalent experiences. Communication with peers comes to the fore, while relations with parents become more complicated. Teenagers develop a sense of adulthood, develop personal qualities, the emergence of self-concept, self-improvement, reflection and the development of the emotional sphere. During adolescence, socio-psychological problems most often arise: lack of productive communication with peers, isolation, alienation, lack of friends, empathic relationships with peers, aggressive behaviors.
Номер журнала Вестник науки №6 (75) том 3
Ссылка для цитирования:
Gres E.K. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING THE PECULIARITIES OF LONELINESS IN ADOLESCENTS // Вестник науки №6 (75) том 3. С. 1191 - 1194. 2024 г. ISSN 2712-8849 // Электронный ресурс: https://www.вестник-науки.рф/article/16046 (дата обращения: 15.12.2025 г.)
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