Allanurov D.R., Allaberdieva H.D.
TRANSLATING THE PRONOUN «ONE» INTO TURKMEN *
Аннотация:
one of the challenging aspects of the theory of translation is the problem of passing down impersonal pronoun “one” from source language into the target language. The article consists of differences between “one” and “you”, “one” and “it” in usage. It includes examples of sentences with “one”, “one’s” and “oneself” and “their” Turkmen translations
Ключевые слова:
translation, rendering, pronoun, one, one’s, oneself, English, Turkmen
УДК 81.255
Allanurov D.R.
instructor, Turkmen State University named after Magtymguly
(Turkmenistan, Ashgabat)
Allaberdieva H.D.
student, Turkmen State University named after Magtymguly
(Turkmenistan, Ashgabat)
TRANSLATING THE PRONOUN «ONE» INTO TURKMEN
Abstract: one of the challenging aspects of the theory of translation is the problem of passing down impersonal pronoun “one” from source language into the target language. The article consists of differences between “one” and “you”, “one” and “it” in usage. It includes examples of sentences with “one”, “one’s” and “oneself” and “their” Turkmen translations.
Keywords: translation, rendering, pronoun, one, one’s, oneself, English, Turkmen.
One is an indefinite pronoun that means, roughly, “a person”. For purposes of verb agreement it is a third-person singular pronoun, though it sometimes appears with first- or second-person reference. It is sometimes called an impersonal pronoun (An impersonal pronoun is one that does not refer to a specific person or thing. These pronouns are usually used to refer to an unspecified person or people in general.). It is more or less equivalent to the Scots “a body”, the French pronoun “on”, the German/Scandinavian “man”, and the Spanish “uno” [3]. To vary “one” and “it” is also challenging because translation is “ol” in Turkmen. The sentence with “one” is usually translated into Turkmen as an impersonal sentence, where in English one is a subject of a sentence.
There is also some pragmatic difference between using English, Turkmen and Russian pronouns. One is often used as the subject of a sentence. An impersonal pronoun one can be rendered by Turkmen pronoun her kim when it comes as the subject: One may smile, and smile, and be a villain. (W. Shakespeare. Hamlet) – Her kim mähirli hem, zalym hem bolup biler. In this example, one means everyone or people in general. In the example, “one” is translated into Turkmen with pronoun “her kim”.
You can use one as the direct object or attribute of a sentence; in this case, of course, you would need a transitive verb followed by one as its object. For example: Exercising too hard can make one get muscle cramps. [2] – Çendenaşa agyr türgenleşik sizi myşsalaryňyzyň gysylmagyna getirip biler. In this sentence, one can be rendered by Turkmen pronouns seni or sizi.
One does not have a special possessive form like the rest of personal pronouns. In order to use it as possessive determiner, you simply add a possessive ‘s’. One’s is only used as possessive determiner and not a pronoun (always comes before a noun). In this case, one’s can be translated into Turkmen as öz. For example: No one can ever replace one’s own family. – Hiç kim öz maşgalasyny hiç bir zada çalşyp bilmez.
The reflexive form of one is oneself. Oneself also does not refer to a specific person and you can use it to refer to a previously mentioned noun/pronoun. Oneself can be rendered by “özüni” or “özi”. For example: One would need time to find oneself again after such a trauma. – Beýle şikesden soňra, adama özüni ele almak üçin wagt gerek.
If you begin your sentence with one, you should continue using “one, one’s, oneself…” when referring to the same person.
There is another way of rendering a universal meaning of an English sentence with the help of the pronoun you. However, this can be understood as being directed to the receptor and, therefore, it can cause misunderstanding, as was brilliantly shown by J. London in his novel ‘Martin Eden’: “By the way, Mr. Eden,” she called back, as she was leaving the room, “what is booze? You used it several times, you know.” “Oh, booze,” he laughed. “It’s slang. It means whiskey, and beer – anything that will make you drunk.” “And another thing,” she laughed back. “Don’t use ‘you’ when you are impersonal. ‘You’ is very personal, and your use of it just now was not precisely what you meant.” “I don’t just see that.” “Why, you said just now to me, ‘whiskey and beer – anything that will make you drunk’ – make me drunk, don’t you see?” “Well, it would, wouldn’t it?” “Yes, of course,” she smiled. “But it would be nicer not to bring me into it. Substitute ‘one’ for ‘you’, and see how much better it sounds.” [4, p.82].
A translator should also know that you and one differ stylistically, you being informal and colloquial, and one sounding very formal and official. There are cases “one” is interchangeable with pronoun “it”
Turkmen-to-English translation is challenged by the choice between one and it. Compare, Papagyňy geý. Onsuz sürüp bolmaz. – Put on your helmet. It is illegal to ride a bike without one. “Maňa bu papak ýaraýar.” “Onda, sen ony satyn al.” “I like the helmet.” “So buy it.” The pronoun one represents a general notion; it refers to a specific thing.
As you know, English is an analytic language (An analytic language is a language that organizes words and grammar by a strict word order instead of inflections, or word endings that show grammar.) but Turkmen is a synthetic language (A synthetic language uses inflection or agglutination to express syntactic relationships within a sentence.). When one’s is used in word combinations, it is translated into Turkmen as “öz”, “özüň” or with the help of word endings and inflections. For example:
Grammatical problem of translation requires the knowledge on history of language, and should be familiar with ethical norms characteristic of the cultures in issue. Pronoun one represents general notion and it can sound formal and informal. Translator be aware of context of sourçe language text.
REFERENCES:
Номер журнала Вестник науки №3 (60) том 2
Ссылка для цитирования:
Allanurov D.R., Allaberdieva H.D. TRANSLATING THE PRONOUN «ONE» INTO TURKMEN // Вестник науки №3 (60) том 2. С. 196 - 199. 2023 г. ISSN 2712-8849 // Электронный ресурс: https://www.вестник-науки.рф/article/7521 (дата обращения: 25.04.2024 г.)
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